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February
2001
Dear Friends,
More than 500 years before the birth of Christ, a Babylonian king named
Belshazzar reigned over a vast empire established by his father, the great
conqueror Nebuchadnezzar. He was an evil man who did not honor the God of
Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. On one occasion, Belshazzar hosted a banquet for
his nobles, wives and concubines, and ordered that wine be served to them
in the gold and silver goblets that Nebuchadnezzar had stolen from the
temple of God in Jerusalem. As they drank and celebrated into the night,
they began praising the false gods made of wood, bronze, iron and stone.
We read what happened next in the fifth chapter of Daniel:
"Suddenly the fingers of a human hand appeared and wrote on the
plaster of the wall, near the lampstand in the royal palace. The king
watched the hand as it wrote. His face turned pale, and he was so
frightened that his knees knocked together and his legs gave way."
The story continues: "The king called out for the enchanters,
astrologers and diviners to be brought and said to these wise men of
Babylon, ‘Whoever reads this writing and tells me what it means will be
clothed in purple and have a gold chain placed around his neck, and he
will be made the third highest ruler in the kingdom.’ Then all the
king’s wise men came in, but they could not read the writing or tell the
king what it meant."
At the suggestion of the queen, Daniel was then summoned to interpret
the writing. He told the troubled king, "‘. . . you have set
yourself up against the Lord of heaven. You had the goblets from His
temple brought to you, and you and your nobles, your wives and your
concubines drank wine from them. You praised the gods of silver and gold,
of bronze, iron, wood and stone, which cannot see or hear or understand.
But you did not honor the God who holds in His hand your life and all your
ways. Therefore He sent the hand that wrote the inscription.
‘This is the inscription that was written: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, PARSIN.
‘This is what these words mean: Mene: God has numbered the days of
your reign and brought it to an end.
‘Tekel: You have been weighed on the scales and found wanting.
‘Peres: Your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and
Persians.’"
"Then at Belshazzar’s command, Daniel was clothed in purple, a
gold chain was placed around his neck, and he was proclaimed the third
highest ruler in the kingdom. That very night Belshazzar, king of the
Babylonians, was slain."
What a dramatic account this is about a profoundly evil man and his
terrifying encounter with an all-seeing God who judges the affairs of men.
The question raised for those of us who read this familiar story today is
whether it has particular meaning for our time. I believe it does. In
fact, my thoughts turned to William Jefferson Clinton, who left office on
January 20. His eight-year term as leader of the most powerful nation on
earth is now in the record books. I couldn’t help but speculate about
what "the moving finger of God" might write if its message had
appeared during one of the final State dinners in the East Room of the
White House.
Without presuming to know how Jehovah views this very flawed man, there
are some troubling facts about him that are indisputable. Clinton’s
hands are stained with the blood of countless innocent babies. By twice
vetoing a bill that would have banned partial-birth abortion,1
he almost single-handedly preserved a barbaric procedure by which fully
viable and unanaesthetized infants, each fresh from the Creator’s hand
and brimming with life, were murdered during the final moments of
delivery. If the American people were forced to stand and watch a doctor
thrust his scissors into the tiny head of a convulsing baby and then suck
out the brains with a powerful vacuum, most of us would gasp in horror.
Some would faint. Many would cry or vomit. Most would be outraged. Yet
Bill Clinton not only supported this Naziesque practice; he claimed that
the procedure was necessary "to protect the life of the mother."2
It was a lie—one of many he told while in office. The American Medical
Association and noted obstetricians insist that there is never any
justifiable medical reason to kill babies by this method, yet the
president twisted the truth in order to preserve its legality.3
More than 70 percent of the American people oppose partial-birth abortion.4
Nevertheless, Clinton gained political capital by appeasing radical
feminists who demanded the blood of our most helpless little victims.
Surely, this despicable act has not escaped the notice of the One who
issued a terrifying warning to anyone who would hurt a child (Mark 9:42).
Bill Clinton advanced the cause of abortion in numerous other ways. The
man who told us he wanted abortion to be "safe, legal and rare"5
never missed an opportunity to promote the "pro-choice" movement
around the world. Father Richard John Neuhaus, editor-in-chief of the
periodical First Things, said that Clinton will be described in the
history books as "The Abortion President."6 On just
his third day in office, he issued five extremely controversial executive
orders which aggressively promoted abortion and related immoral policies
such as fetal tissue research and the dangerous drug RU-486. It was the
20th anniversary of the Roe vs. Wade decision by the Supreme Court.
Thousands of pro-life advocates had marched outside the White House just
hours before the orders were signed.7 It was a display of raw
power seemingly designed to defy and taunt those who pleaded for the lives
of unborn babies.
Clinton also supported the allocation of hundreds of millions of U.S.
tax dollars to underwrite International Planned Parenthood and similar
groups for overseas "family planning" programs.8 He
appointed officials who shared his extremely liberal views on abortion.
Most notably, Clinton named Joycelyn Elders as surgeon general, a woman
who once told pro-lifers to "get over their love affair with
fetuses."9 No other act, however, more vividly revealed
where Clinton’s sympathies lay than when his administration denied
asylum to 20 Chinese women in 1993 who came to this country to escape
China’s forced abortion policy. They were arrested and languished for
several years in federal prisons.10
When assessing the legacy of Bill Clinton, we can’t overlook his
shameful sexual behavior in the Oval Office, and then, his lies under oath
to the American people to cover it up. Indeed, it is my belief that no man
has ever done more to debase the presidency or to undermine our
Constitution—and particularly the moral and biblical principles upon
which it is based—than has William Jefferson Clinton. Even after the
infamous blue dress surfaced and the grand jury forced him to admit having
an adulterous relationship11 with "that woman, Miss
Lewinsky," he brushed it off as a "personal mistake."12
In the heat of the impeachment process, he refused to do the honorable
thing and resign, even though more than 150 newspapers (many of them
liberal) implored him to do so.13 If any man in corporate
America, the military or academia had used his position of authority to
garner sexual favors from a woman 30 years his junior, he would
unquestionably have lost his job. But Mr. Clinton took pride in his
ability to frustrate his accusers. He said later, "I am honored that
. . . I had the opportunity to defend the Constitution . . . I do not
regard this impeachment vote as a great badge of shame."14
Now we’re hearing that his memoirs will contain the details of his
sexual extravaganza with Miss Lewinsky.15
There were apparently many other women in Bill Clinton’s life, some
of them unwilling participants. Who knows what really happened between him
and Kathleen Willey, who claimed he groped her in the Oval Office?16
Then there was Gennifer Flowers, who said she had a 12-year affair with
Clinton. He denied it vigorously before being forced to admit under oath
that he did, in fact, have a sexual relationship with her. But only once,
he said.17 There were also the allegations of Juanita
Broaddrick, who said she was bitten on the lip and raped by then Arkansas
Attorney General Clinton in a hotel room many years ago.18 To
date, the president has refused to even answer those charges.19
What we have seen with this man is a pattern of using women and then
viciously slandering them when their stories became public. Remember the
president’s vituperative representative, James Carville, calling Paula
Jones "trailer park trash"?20 Remember the private
letters of Kathleen Willey being released illegally to the press?21
Remember the White House referring to women who accused Clinton of sexual
impropriety as "bimbo eruptions"?22 Remember the
president’s defenders saying his sexual misconduct was a mere
"peccadillo"23—which is defined as
"insignificant faults." Finally, we should not forget the
statements of Arkansas state troopers who said they witnessed Bill
Clinton’s dalliances with many other women whose names never came to
light.24 There can be no doubt that Bill Clinton is a lifelong
philanderer and womanizer who consumes and then discards his playthings.
Nevertheless, this is the man who inexplicably garnered a majority of
women’s votes in two elections,25 and who consistently
charmed and mesmerized evangelical pastors at White House gatherings.26
The Scripture tells us that our sins will eventually come to light
(Luke 12:2-3). So it has been for the president. He has a way of
contradicting himself at the point of previous lies, leaving him exposed
to the truth. For example, he was a recent guest at Willow Creek Church
before an audience of 4,500 religious leaders, with 6,300 more watching
via a closed-circuit television hookup in the United States and Canada.27
Clinton was interviewed informally on that occasion by the Rev. Bill
Hybels who, after promising a no-holds-barred interview, tossed softballs
that permitted the president to sound mildly contrite over the Lewinsky
matter. It was just four days before the Democratic National Convention,
when he needed "cover" to shield him from those who might bring
up the Lewinsky affair. Hybels did not ask the president, nor did the
president volunteer, to repent for his infidelity with the other women or
to express regret for his shameful support for partial-birth abortion. His
confession, if that is what it was, dealt only with the instance when he
was caught red-handed. Nevertheless, I’m told that many of the pastors
in the viewing audience that day nodded in approval as Bill Clinton
tearfully "came clean."
Unfortunately, that moment of candor was apparently forgotten a few
months later when the president granted an interview with Esquire.
He was pictured on the cover of that issue in a most unpresidential pose,
spread eagle and sporting an arrogant grin.
The comparison between the two interviews is striking. Clinton told
Hybels that he needed to acknowledge and apologize for what he did and
begin a process of atonement.28 But then he told Esquire
two months later that the congressional charges against him were about
politics and power, and "not about morality or truth or the
law."29 He said the accusers should apologize to the
country. Will the real Bill Clinton please stand up?
Let’s turn now to the almost evangelistic fervor the president
displayed in advancing the radical homosexual movement. During his first
week in office, Clinton announced plans to overturn the ban on gays in the
military.30 An uproar in Congress and among our military
leaders forced the president to back down from his radical plan, but
nevertheless he succeeded in establishing the current "don’t ask,
don’t tell" policy.31 In addition, he was the first
president to speak at a gay event,32 the first to grant
interviews to the gay press,33 and the first to institute a
"Gay and Lesbian Pride Month" in the U.S.34 He
appointed approximately two dozen openly gay individuals to senior posts
in his administration.35
Clinton also promoted "hate crimes" legislation,36
which would penalize those who oppose the homosexual agenda. He called for
pro-gay "diversity training" in public schools37 and
created a White House liaison to homosexuals.38 (Given that
priority, it is interesting that Clinton eliminated the long-standing
White House liaison to evangelicals.)39 Finally, Clinton said
during a recent speech at a gathering of gay activists, "I wish we
could have done more [to promote the homosexual agenda], but I’m glad we
did what we did."40
Not only did Bill Clinton make great strides in advancing the
homosexual agenda, he also used his influence to redefine and undermine
the institution of marriage. He opposed California’s Proposition 22 last
year, a measure designed to protect the citizens of that state from having
to recognize "gay marriages" in other states.41 At
the same time, he supported the decision of the Vermont Supreme Court
mandating a quasi-marriage arrangement for gay couples.42 He
vetoed the marriage penalty tax cut, saying it would "squander"
the surplus,43 and rescinded a Reagan administration executive
order that required all policy proposals to consider their potential
impact on families before being enacted.44
There are many other regrettable policies and actions taken by this
president during his two terms in office, including the free rein he gave
to the producers of obscenity. There has not been a single prosecution
brought against a major purveyor of adult pornography in Clinton’s eight
years.45 Indeed, the Justice Department even attempted a few
years ago to eliminate some of the regulations that permit child
pornographers to be prosecuted.46 The administration also tried
to make it illegal to share one’s faith in the workplace,47
and to allow the Federal Communications Commission to limit religious
programming on some public television stations.48 These
developments, and others, reflect the views of a man who reportedly told
Mexican novelist Carlos Fuentes in August 1995: "My only enemy is
right-wing religious fundamentalism."49
Why am I recounting the misdeeds of a tragic president who has now left
office? Why not simply wish him well and forget the disturbing things he
did? The reason is to help us learn from this period in American history.
First, we must recognize that the God who saw and punished Belshazzar’s
sin more than 25 centuries ago will not wink at the rebellion of those
living today. He may seem silent for a time, but in the end, He will
speak. You can be certain of this: God will not be mocked—by either
presidents and kings or by you and me. This is what we read in God’s
Word: "But to the wicked, God says: ‘What right have you to recite
My laws or take My covenant on your lips? You hate My instruction and cast
My words behind you. When you see a thief, you join with him; you throw in
your lot with adulterers. You use your mouth for evil, and harness your
tongue to deceit. You speak continually against your brother, and slander
your mother’s son. These things you have done and I kept silent; you
thought I was altogether like you. But I will rebuke you and accuse you to
your face. Consider this, you who forget God, or I will tear you to
pieces, with none to rescue" (Psalm 50:16-22, NIV).
Second, when our leaders turn away from the principles in
Scripture—whether they are believers or pagans—the people will suffer.
Proverbs 29:2 makes that clear: "When the righteous thrive, the
people rejoice; when the wicked rule, the people groan." We certainly
have had reason to groan these past eight years, despite the booming
economy. One of the campaign questions asked by Bill Clinton and Al Gore
during the recent election was, "Are you better off now than you were
eight years ago?" The answer is NO, despite polling results showing
that more than 70 percent of Americans say we are better off now!50
How wrong that is. We have descended much further into moral decline than
any of us might have feared a decade ago. The press told us that character
didn’t matter, and that private misbehavior was unrelated to
effectiveness in office. Those journalists, including Richard Cohen of The
Washington Post,51 were dead wrong, and our nation has
suffered for having twice chosen a chief executive whom we knew was not a
man of principle and integrity. This country, and indeed large portions of
the world, will never be the same for having fallen under the influence of
this one man.
Who would have believed that the day would come when the president of
the United States and his wife would sell overnight stays in the Lincoln
Bedroom of the White House in return for campaign contributions?52
Who would have thought that homosexual activists would gain such political
power in recent years that they could threaten the Boy Scouts of America,
one of the most respected institutions in the nation?53 Who
could have known that the day would come when a president would be fined
$90,000 for lying under oath about his relationship with a young girl, or
that his home state of Arkansas would suspend his license to practice law
for five years?54 Who would have anticipated that the
California State Legislature would pass a law removing criminal penalties
for non-physicians who botch abortions?55 Truth now depends on
the definition of the word "is," and lying is no longer
dishonest. Everything is relative. Tolerance has obliterated discernment.
These and thousands of other developments and changes within the culture
represent a dramatic lurch to the left that was inspired, in part, by the
radical agenda of our president.
My greater concern focuses on Bill Clinton’s impact on our children.
For example, a recent article in USA Today described a deeply
disturbing development now coming to light among today’s teens and
preteens. Social and medical scientists are confirming that a dramatic
increase in oral sex is occurring beyond anything seen before.
Furthermore, this activity, which is viewed by kids as "no big
deal," is spreading devastating diseases of the mouth and throat.
Health care providers have found dramatic increases in oral herpes and
gonorrhea of the pharynx in teens.56 Dr. Robert Blum, director
of the division of general pediatrics and adolescent health at the
University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, said, "There is very much a
sense that these behaviors transcend race and income and family structure
and are much more widespread than we might think."57 He
also said, ". . . most younger teens, even 10- to 12-year-olds, and
maybe most teens (in general) don’t define this as sex."58
Where do you think they got that idea? Psychiatrist Lynn Ponton at the
University of California at San Francisco provided one of the answers:
"Clinton said oral sex isn’t sex. Kids tell me over and over in my
office, ‘The president did it.’"59
In reporting the White House scandal, the media established the words
"oral sex" as a household phrase, which quickly found its way
into the language of elementary school children who had never heard of it
before. Parents were then forced to explain adult sexuality long before
their children had a need for the information or were ready to receive it.
This, and the epidemic itself, is part of the legacy of Bill Clinton.
When John F. Kennedy was killed, an old Irish saying was adapted and
widely quoted. It read, "Johnnie, we hardly knew ye." Now as
President Clinton has left office, we can say with conviction,
"Goodbye, Billy, we knew ye all too well."
Let me close by asking what you think the "moving
hand" might write on the wall of the White House. But before you
answer, let me personalize the question by asking another. What would the
great hand of God write on the walls of your house and mine? Would it say,
"You have been weighed on the scales and found wanting"? I pray
not. But it might. The truth is that we are responsible for the
tragedy of the Clinton presidency. Many in the church remained silent when
he vetoed the ban on partial-birth abortion. We looked the other way when
he courted and granted enormous political power to homosexuals who sought
to destroy the traditional family. We hardly uttered a peep of protest
when he vetoed the marriage penalty tax, which discriminates against
husbands and wives living in committed, legal relationships. More
indicting is the fact that millions of Christians didn’t even bother to
vote in 1992 or 1996 when Clinton was given power.60 People
living in a democracy get the government they deserve, and we share the
blame for the disaster of the past eight years. And here we go again. Only
31 percent of Arizonians voted in the most recent election; only 39
percent went to the polls in California; only 40 percent voted in Hawaii;61
and so it went. We cannot merely point a detached finger of accusation at
the immoral behavior of our president when we stood by and let it happen!
Not only must we hold our elected officials accountable, but we must
examine our own behavior in the light of Scripture. You and I are held to
the same standard of righteousness that governs the behavior of our
national leaders. Let’s live our lives daily so as to hear those words
of commendation when we stand before our Maker: "Well done, thou good
and faithful servant: thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will
make thee ruler over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy
Lord" (Matthew 25:21, KJV).
I urge you to pray for our former president. God’s grace is extended
to everyone who seeks forgiveness and restoration, including those who
have been in rebellion against Him. That is the unfathomable love of our
Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, who said, "All that the Father giveth
Me shall come to Me; and him that cometh to Me I will in no wise cast
out" (John 6:37, KJV).
Let’s also intercede on behalf of our new president, George W. Bush,
and hold him and future leaders to a higher level of accountability than
we did these past eight years. We are all flawed individuals and need to
help one another to do what is right.
Those are my thoughts for this month. I would like to know yours.
Please write me when time permits. We pay close attention to the views and
suggestions of our friends. It is also our desire to be of help to you and
your family if we can. And speaking of help, your continued financial
support would be appreciated. Even small gifts add up to keep this
ministry vibrant and effective.
Greetings to you all.

James C. Dobson, Ph.D.
President
Endnotes:
- Sandra Sobieraj, "Clinton Vetoes Ban on Late-Term
Abortions," The Associated Press, 10 October 1997.
- Paul Bedard, "Clinton Backs ‘Partial-Birth’ Abortion;
Senate Likely to Uphold Veto of Bill This Year," The
Washington Times, 29 February 1996, p. A4.
- Nancy E. Roman, "AMA Backs Bill to Ban Partial-Birth Abortion;
Procedure ‘Not Medically Indicated,’ Group Says," The
Washington Times, 20 May 1997, p. A1.
- Julia Duin, "Media Provide Better Coverage to Pro-Choice Side,
Survey Finds," The Washington Times, 19 January 1996, p.
A8.
- John C. Van Gieson, "Clinton Wows Delegates With Looks,
Views," The Orlando Sentinel Tribune, 15 December 1991, p.
A14.
- Richard John Neuhaus, "Bill Clinton and the American
Character," First Things, 1 June 1999.
- Carol J. Castaneda, "Abortion Foes Renew Battle Cry," USA
Today, 25 January 1993, p. 3A.
- James Rosen, "Helms Hoist With His Own Petard," Raleigh
News-Observer, 23 November 1997, p. A1.
- Howard Fineman, "Clinton’s Values Blowout," Newsweek,
19 December 1994, p. 26.
- Roy Maynard, "A Golden Adventure," World, 7 January
1995, p. 20.
- "President Clinton’s Grand Jury Testimony," Arkansas
Democrat Gazette, 22 September 1998, p. G1.
- "Bill Clinton: The Exit Interview," Esquire,
December 2000.
- Neuhaus, op.cit.
- "President Clinton: Bill Clinton’s Presidency, The Air War
Against Serbian Forces in Kosovo and His Family," "60
Minutes II," 31 March 1999.
- Neal Travis, "The Rush Is On for Bill’s Book," New
York Post, 1 December 2000, p. 9.
- "In Kathleen Willey, Clinton Faces a Damaging Kind of
Accuser," The Buffalo News, 18 March 1998, p. 2B.
- Paul Wiseman, Richard Wolf, "Sorting the Evidence So Far,"
USA Today, 26 March 1998, p.6A.
- Erin Schulte, "Clinton Assaulted Her, Arkansan Claims; Previous
Denial of ’78 Sexual Encounter False, She Says," Arkansas
Democrat Gazette, 20 February 1999, p. A1.
- "President Answers Questions on Kosovo, First Lady," World
News Tonight with Peter Jennings, 19 March 1999.
- Tom Squitieri, "Not Settling Jones Case in ’94 Now Haunts
Clinton’s Future, The List of ‘What Ifs’ is Long," USA
Today, 19 October 1998, p. 18A.
- John Mintz, "Judge: White House Broke Law; Release of Willey
Letters Seen as Privacy Act Violation," The Washington Post,
30 March 2000, p. A1.
- Michael Isikoff, "Clinton Team Works to Deflect Allegations on
Nominee’s Private Life," The Washington Post, 26 July
1992, p. A18.
- "Clinton White House Scandal," Fox Hannity and Colmes, 2
September 1998.
- Michael Hedges, "State Trooper’s Demotion Captures Attention
of FBI," The Washington Times, 5 May 1994, p. A1, and
Craig Garrett, "Update on the News: In Livonia," The Detroit
News, 22 December 1997, p. C3.
- "Clinton Benefits from Largest Gender Gap in History; According
to Exit Polls, The President Won Overwhelming Approval From Women This
Time," Minneapolis Star Tribune, 6 November 1996, p. 8A.
- Andrew Ferguson, "Christianity, Clinton Style; The Confessor in
Chief Wows an Audience of Evangelicals," The Weekly Standard,
11 September 2000, p. 14.
- Teresa Mask, "Willow Creek Ready to Receive the President;
Officials Expect Traffic, Excitement From Clinton Interview," Chicago
Daily-Herald, 10 August 2000, p. 10.
- "Interview with President Bill Clinton at the Ministers’
Leadership Conference," Federal News Service, 10 August 2000.
- Esquire, op.cit.
- Adam Clymer, "Lawmakers Revolt on Lifting Gay Ban in Military
Service," The New York Times, 27 January 1993, p. A1.
- "Clinton Signs $261 Billion Defense Bill," The
Associated Press, 19 November 1993.
- "Addressing Gays, Clinton Urges Broader-Minded U.S.," The
Associated Press, 9 November 1997.
- Jane Fullerton, "Clinton: Police Push Hasty on Gays in the U.S.
Military; Rejects Same-Sex Marriages," 8 June 1996, p. 9A.
- The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, 2 June 2000,
"Gay and Lesbian Pride Month 2000."
- Jill Lawrence, "Gay Clinton Appointees Make History," The
Associated Press, The Denver Post, 3 November 1993.
- Paul Bedard, "Clinton Urges School Diversity Training," The
Washington Times, 11 November 1997, p. A1.
- Ibid.
- David W. Dunlap, "Clinton Names First Lesbian to Gay and
Lesbian Groups," The New York Times, 14 June 1995, p.B7.
- Chuck Raasch, "Religious Right Feels Snubbed by Clinton,"
Gannett News Service, 25 April 1993.
- Marc Lacey, "Clinton Tells Gays He Will Seek to Change Way
‘Don’t Tell’ Policy Is Used," The New York Times, 17
December 1999, p. A28.
- Dan Morain and Tom Gorman, "Campaign 2000 Propositions: Gay
Marriage Ban, Gaming Measure OK’d, Tougher Sanctions for Violent
Juveniles Also Are Approved, But Campaign Donation Curb is
Rejected," Los Angeles Times, 8 March 2000, p. A1.
- "President Clinton Discusses His Legacy," "Larry King
Live," 23 December 1999.
- "President William J. Clinton Delivers Weekly Radio
Address," FDCH Political Transcripts, 5 August 2000.
- Cheryl Wetzstein, "Clinton Kills Order Protecting
Families," The Washington Times, 30 May 1997, p. A1.
- "A Few Minnows Get Caught While the Sharks Swim Free" and
"Enforcement of Obscenity Laws Dropped 86% in Clinton
Administration, Down to Just Six Prosecutions in 1997," Morality
in Media, 19 October 1998.
- Julie Cohen, "A Legal About-Face Into a Minefield," Legal
Times, 22 November 1993, p. 2.
- Don Feder, "Workplaces To Go Religion-Free Thanks to
Clinton," Boston Herald, 13 June 1994, p. 23.
- FCC Order 99-393, 15 December 1999.
- "His Only Enemy," The Washington Times, 3 February
1999, p. A2.
- The Associated Press, 14 January 2000.
- Richard Cohen, "Character-Issue Fatigue," The
Washington Post, 29 October 1996, p. A17.
- Michael Kranish and Ann Scales, "‘Ready to Start
Overnights…’ Clinton’s Memos Ordered Stays in White House For
Top Donors," The Boston Globe, 26 February 1997, p. A1.
- John Drake, "Boy Scouts Targeted for Ban on Gay Leaders;
Activists to Focus on Public Funding," The Washington Times,
22 August 2000, p. A1.
- James Jefferson, "Clinton Says He Shouldn’t Be Disbarred Over
Testimony," The Associated Press, 30 August 2000.
- SB370, signed by Gov. Gray Davis, 25 September 2000.
- Karen S. Peterson, "Younger Kids Trying It Now, Often Ignorant
of Disease Risks," USA Today, 16 November 2000, p. 1D.
- Ibid.
- Ibid.
- Ibid.
- Dr. John Green, Ray C. Bliss Institute of Applied Politics at the
University of Akron, "Estimates of Voter Turnout by Religious
Traditions," based on data from the National Election Studies,
corrected for overreporting.
- "States With the Lowest Voter Turnout," USA Today,
10 November 2000, p. 1A.
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